Supplementary Note 8, Supplementary References

The availability of human MSY sequence has already enabled novel tests and rekindled debate of Haldane’s hypothesis that mutations in the male germ line greatly outnumber those in the female germ line1-3. 

1.            Haldane, J. B. S. The mutation rate of the gene for haemophilia, and its segregation ratios in males and females. Ann. Eugen. 13, 262-271 (1947).

2.            Bohossian, H. B., Skaletsky, H. & Page, D. C. Unexpectedly similar rates of nucleotide substitution found in male and female hominids. Nature 406, 622-625 (2000).

3.            Makova, K. D. & Li, W. H. Strong male-driven evolution of DNA sequences in humans and apes. Nature 416, 624-626 (2002).